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History 210 Paper Topic
Wednesday, September 2, 2020
Biologic Manufacturing and the FDA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Biologic Manufacturing and the FDA - Essay Example Biologics joined with radioactive segments are considered biologics, while biologics joined with non-radioactive segments are drugs. While most examinations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) center around the office's power to choose which new medicines arrive at the American commercial center, the FDA assumes an administrative guard job at another key point in the natural advancement process. In exploring investigational new medication applications (INDs), the FDA figures out which trial treatments, immunizations, and other organic items advance from preclinical through clinical improvement to the permitting stage (Mark). Biopharmaceuticals are authorized under Section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (Mark)and in explicit segments of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. To acquire promoting endorsement for another biologic, a candidate presents a biologics permit application (BLA) (Koan and Ellis). The BLA must allow office analysts to make four head judgments: The development media falls under Federal food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the demonstration) and subsequently, constrained by the equivalent, explicitly, if the media is gotten from any protein, a name expressing the chance of the media as an allergen ought to be expressed.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
A Critical analysis of The film ââ¬ÅPlatoonââ¬Â Essay
The Vietnam War was on everyoneââ¬â¢s mind in 1960s and 1970s in our nation. It was the focal point of quite a bit of Americaââ¬â¢s inconveniences during this time, however just the soldierââ¬â¢s who battled in that war knew the genuine franticness that was Vietnam. Oliver Stone started composing Platoon on the grounds that the Vietnam War was ââ¬Å"a pocket of our history no one understands.â⬠(Schuer t24) Platoon is a film which ought to be seen by everybody, for its realistic characteristics as well as for its memorable knowledge also. Unit is an Orion Pictures creation, shot in 1986. Composed and coordinated by Oliver Stone it recounts to the abhorrent story of a Vietnam War not known by the American open. Tom Beringer, who plays the accomplished Sergeant Barnes, was assigned in the Best Supporting Actor class alongside Willem Defoe who plays Sergeant Elias. Charlie Sheen plays Chris Taylor, an optimistic understudy who had dropped out of school, joined the military, and chipped in for Vietnam. His optimism and perspective on war as a rule quickly change over the span of the film. The character is based off the executive Oliver Stone, who dropped out of Yale to join the war exertion. Chris and the remainder of the troopers are unconscious of what they are getting into and are given brief period to get ready. ââ¬Å"Trapped in the enclosure of forefront life, living (if theyââ¬â¢re karma) from second to second, values that apply somewhere else grow dim for Barnes and othersâ⬠(Kauffman 24). While serving his time Taylor experience the war in its full range, from the yearning to go home and the comradery of the men to the bad dreams of fight. Peruse Also:à Critical Evaluation Essay Topics The adversary is the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong however you seldom see them with the exception of as shadowy figures in the wilderness or quickly lit up by the light of a flare. There are no characterized fight lines and the battle scenes persuade that the adversary is all over. The line among great and abhorrence is obscured or nonexistent in this film. Sergeant Elias is depicted as a mindful, insightful pioneer who gets away from reality using drugs. His adversary, Sergeant Barnes, is depicted as a proficient battling machine who will remain determined to take care of business. You before long understand that he, as well, is simply doing everything to guarantee his own endurance. Unit shows how the War influenced the troopers, and how none of them feltâ that they were battling which is as it should be. The film shows the Vietnam experience from the normal soldierââ¬â¢s perspective. In the first place Chris Taylor is oblivious and his odds of endurance are thin. The film went past simply demonstrating fights, with the appearing of the ethical problems that the troopers confronted. The film doesn't in any capacity commend the war in Vietnam. It is an abrasive gander at what the warriors suffered while serving their nation. The men in the detachment originate from varying backgrounds and everywhere throughout the nation. Anyway they all offer a similar want to serve their time and get as distant from the battling as could be expected under the circumstances. There isn't one warrior in the wilderness whose brain isn't unalterably twisted by the attacks of war. A few pundits whine that the character improvement in the story is powerless and there is no plot. J.P. Harsh of U S News and World Report expresses that ââ¬Å"The Central Plot pressure â⬠the fight for a youthful privateââ¬â¢s soul between a ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠sergeant who has held humankind and a ââ¬Å"badâ⬠sergeant who has become a slaughtering machine isn't tense.â⬠However, the presentation of the whole cast in the film is the thing that separates the film from others like it. There are no genuine legends in this film and no genuine miscreants. There is only a gathering of startled men battling for endurance in their own specific manners and tallying the days until they can leave the nation. About the whole film is set in an extremely thick wilderness with tall grass and a lovely scene. The entirety of the fighters are compelled to stroll through thick wilderness with gnawing bugs, and concealed excursion wires. The camera is continually moving to give a feeling of disarray and bewilderment. Shots of injured men shouting and steady gunfire causes you to feel like you are in everything. The viciousness and neurosis that tormented the fighters are continually evident.â⬠Complaints about the savage idea of his work inspire from Stone what may be known as the journalistââ¬â¢s safeguard thatââ¬â¢s simply the manner in which it is. (Ansen 56) In request to precisely recount to the story Stone could go easy. Detachment was in a flash acclaimed upon itââ¬â¢s discharge as the primary really legitimate gander at Vietnam since the finish of the war. It was selected for some, foundation grants including, best picture, best movie altering, best solid, best chief, best cinematography, best composition, and best supporting entertainer. The movie won Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best movie altering, best sound,â and best executive. Richard Corliss of Time Magazine expresses that ââ¬Å"Stoneââ¬â¢s film is an archive written in blood that after just about 20 years declines to dry.â⬠Yet behind the entirety of the notoriety and grants it was given, Platoon holds an underlining message. ââ¬Å"Charlie Sheen is America in its blamelessness, and the wilderness is the dull, befuddled puzzle that the war stays for us twenty years laterâ⬠(Evans 78). Unit is something other than a bloody war film; it is a practical glance at world that we could never need to understanding. Works Cited 1. Ansen, David. ââ¬Å"A Ferocious Vietnam Frenzyâ⬠Newsweek 5 Jan. 1987: 57. 2. Corliss, Richard ââ¬Å"Platoonâ⬠Time Magazine 26 Jan. 1987:54-61. 3. Kauffmann, Stanley. ââ¬Å"An American Tragedyâ⬠The New Republic 19 Jan. 1987: 24-25. 4. Schuers, Fred. ââ¬Å"Soldierââ¬â¢s Storyâ⬠Rolling Stone 29 Jan. 1987: 22+. 5. Harsh, J.P.. ââ¬Å"Parable in the Jungleâ⬠U S News and World Report 2 March 1987: 78.
Friday, August 21, 2020
The Strategic Group Mapping Model Marketing Essay
The Strategic Group Mapping Model Marketing Essay With the end goal of this report, the industry of decision was the oat business. The grain business is profoundly serious with various organizations vieing for an expanded piece of the overall industry. The oat business is affected by client spending and client way of life. As of late, shopper conduct has modified with clients turning out to be more wellbeing cognizant. Therefore, business inside the oat business have presented new items and adjusted existing items to engage wellbeing cognizant clients. In light of research direct, the accompanying patterns were recognized inside the oat business: Purchaser conduct changes Wellbeing cognizant clients The primary organizations inside the oat business are Kelloggs, Nestlã ©, Weetabix, Flahavans and Odlums. Breakfast separated from being a need for breaking the quick, it is additionally observed as a social custom among most of societies around the world.â [1]â Three fundamental patterns rise up out of an examination of the business: Acquisitions, Automation and Consolidation. The idea of the oat business is oligopoly as there are only a couple of firms commanding the business. The key players were recognized as Kelloggs, Origin Enterprises (Odlums), Nestle, Weetabix and Finegrove Holdings Ltd. (Flahavans).The breakfast oat industry can be partitioned into two classifications; hot breakfast oats and Ready to Eat (RTE). The key drivers to work in this industry were recognized as: Reformulation of nourishing fixing, Product separation, Contracts for crude materials, Economies of Scale and Creative publicizing. The business all in all has a bounty outer full scale condition factors which are unmistakably found in the PESTLE. Doormen five powers distinguished medium obstructions to section, risk of replacements and provider power, however featured high purchaser power and serious competition. From utilizing key mapping it was stressed that players in the business modernized/changed their procedures to react to enter inclines in the business. From breaking down the five key players in the business, unmistakably all have comparable item enhancement, item improvement (Ansoff development network) Strengths, shortcomings, openings and threats(SWOT Framework). Industry Landscape There were three key patterns found from the players in the oat business. Kelloggs have merged 42 business sites into one site so as to give a more clear brand character and to improve the client experience. According to mechanization, these players at present utilize mechanical propelled hardware to help them underway and bundling. At long last in May 2012, 60% of offers from the Weetabix Food Company have been gained by Chinas Bright Food Group while the staying 40% is claimed by Lion Capital. From these patterns, there are issues that influence these players, as far as market immersion and fluctuating costs for wheat and oats. These are potential dangers for this industry as detailed by Business Insights which states; oat items have arrived at a degree of immersion in numerous Western markets, so including worth and following shopper wants will be critical to effective product offerings. So as to battle this market immersion, organizations need to investigate, comprehend and recognize buyers prerequisites. The fluctuating costs of oats and wheat could influence every business inside the oat business. The value vacillations are a consequence of troubles experienced during the developing regular time frame. Rising costs because of expanding costs for coordinations and fixings are fundamentally going to influence the morning meal oat industry and its key players later on. Oat items could be sourced all inclusive; be that as it may, there is a decrease in global oat creation because of climate conditionsâ [2]â . In the event that this proceeds, it could prompt grain costs heightening and increments being passed down the dispersion channel. There is expanding pressure for new item advancement among the ventures key players. This might expand piece of the overall industry and upgrade income for the specialty players, for example, Flahavans and Odlums, while permitting market pioneers, for example, Kelloggs the chance to keep littler organizations from acquiring market development. There is an expansion in wellbeing cognizant clients and later on, this may characterize the product offerings delivered by the key players. From the securing of Weetabix, Bright Food Group has promised to all around extend the Weetabix business by entering the developing breakfast grain showcase inside Asia. Changes to nourishment utilization designs inside Asia have brought about organizations entering Asian areas and offering nourishment and refreshments to buyers. Broadly, the oat business is worth à ¢Ã¢â¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬200 million every year with a benefit between 40 45%. Corresponding to the present market position of these players, Kelloggs would be classed as the pioneer because of a 44% piece of the overall industry. With Nestle and Weetabix as the market devotees, these organizations have a sizeable piece of the overall industry and stay serious inside this industry. The specialty players, Flahavans and Odlums, are not as beneficial as contenders, especially Odlums who don't give a broad scope of items. Serious contentions could emerge between these industry players, as all contenders have comparative items focusing on comparable objective markets. The risk of substitutes is likewise an issue for these players; as there is an ascent in own image items, for example, Dunnes Stores and Tesco. These items are being acquainted into the market due with the changing customer ways of managing money. As this industry could be viewed as oligopolistic, the control over providers and purchaser might increment, anyway for the specialty players, the opposition could heighten. For the most part the oat business targets family arranged markets. Corresponding to Kelloggs and Nestle, they could be believed to target youngsters, as these players acquaint characters with their brands all together for the kids to be pulled in to these items. Weetabix, Flahavans and Odlums target develop crowds which can be believed to be under the family orientated market. For each key player, they should hold upper hand so as to support the market. The edge assets that any player ought to need to work inside this industry incorporate; account, client dedication, brand mindfulness and a wide item run. Interesting assets, for example, Flahavans and Odlums, are especially centered around the Irish parts of the item. This includes the techniques for delivering the item and employments that are made inside the nation. Irish customers are esteem driven, anyway Irish items are critical to these purchasers. In earlier years, Kelloggss held an extremely predominant situation inside the business, anyway this has changed considerably as more contenders have entered the market and have affected the benefit gotten by Kelloggs. In 2010, there was a net gain ascent of Kelloggss, which has since tumbled from $1.2 billion to $961 million and underscores a sensational reduction. In 2012, the offer cost of the business was unpredictable as it declined to $46.33 in July, anyway expanded to an adequate cost of around $60 in December. The size of Kelloggs decreases the danger of a takeover happening and leaving the market would not be predictable for Kelloggs. Kelloggs utilization of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is at the bleeding edge when speaking with clients. This is exceptionally apparent in Give a kid a morning meal battle propelled in October 2011 as this crusade featured the advantages of youngsters having breakfast. By featuring this battle, it improved the open impression of the organization. Money related reports discharged for 2012, delineated that the Nestle bunch all in all had a fruitful budgetary year. It shows an expansion in benefit for the year by $1.8 billion. The oat scope of the business is spoken to in this figure which shows a positive monetary execution for Nestle. Already, Nestle has encountered a negative open picture; Nestlã © endeavors to redirect analysis of its infant nourishment promoting activitiesâ [3]â . Settle consistently endeavor to improve their CSR personality inside the eyes of general society. Splendid Food Group created incomes of around à £7.5 billion a year ago which demonstrates it has an enormous asset base to grow the Weetabix brand into increasingly remote markets. The securing of Weetabix would demonstrate that there is an appeal for oat items comprehensively just as inside its current markets. The Weetabix brand has a long relationship with the British and Irish markets and has effectively mirrored a positive brand picture. Nonetheless, the ongoing securing could have a positive and negative effect as it could be seen as the loss of another indigenous organization to a remote worldwide and may weaken the brand esteem. As Flahavans is an exclusive family worked business and like Weetabix, isn't recorded on any stock trade. Flahavans is a built up brand and holds most of the piece of the overall industry according to hot oat breakfast in Ireland. This brand has a positive picture among Irish clients and helped the venture into business sectors, for example, the UK and US. Flahavans is related with Bord Bia and blueprints the dietary benefit of eating porridge as a major aspect of a solid adjusted eating routine. As the business is pleased with its legacy and is a little player inside the business, the chance of a securing might be ugly to a set up player. Odlums is a piece of the Origin Enterprise Group, which is recorded on the Irish Stock Exchange and encountered an expanded offer cost inside the most recent year. The Odlums brand is notable inside Ireland, principally for their heating items. It could be seen that the open have less acknowledgment for the porridge go. The brand picture is seen emphatically and is additionally connected with Bord Bia. Inside
Thursday, June 4, 2020
Beneficial Challenge of Studying Abroad
Beneficial Challenge of Studying Abroad There is no better opportunity to obtain education, study new language, mix up with people and even learn more about yourself, than to study abroad. The options here are diverse and numerous. You may choose a college or university almost in any country of the world for a year long period, one semester or even a summer study. Anyway, this kind of undertaking will be quite a challenge for you. Studying abroad appears to be full of advantages and perspectives. The challenge, however, lays in time and effort required to overcome difficulties and benefit from these advantages. Therefore, it is important to clearly understand why you would like to study abroad. Except an exciting opportunity of travelling and meeting people, you are to take responsibilities of independent life in a strange country. If you decide to go overseas, carefully choose the country and educational establishment. View this choice in a long time perspective. It is your effort and money investment which is expected to pay you back many times in future. New qualification perspectives, language knowledge and social life will add to your professional credentials and, as a result, become attractive resume materials. However, you will have to work twice as hard before you get it. You will have to concentrate on your communicative skills and manners, fight cultural shocks and become a real expert in taking independent decisions and actions. The challenge of studying abroad is the challenge of
Sunday, May 17, 2020
A Sense of Tension in The Fall of the House of Usher by...
A Sense of Tension in The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe The Fall of the House of Usher, by Edger Allan Poe is horror in genre and is written in a gothic style. There are many passages in which Poe creates tension and he often gives it a gothic feel. Firstly, as the narrator arrives at the scene of the story, Poe builds up the tension and creates a sinister, chilly atmosphere. During the whole of a dull, dark and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens. I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of Country, and at length found myself, as the shades of the evening drew on, within view of theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦When he does this he also creates tension, Minute fungi overspread the whole exterior, hanging in a fine tangled web-work from the eaves. Yet all this was apart from any extraordinary dilapidation. No portion of the masonry had fallen, Here Poe creates tension because the reader will feel uneasy because the house is filthy; the reader will also want to carry on reading. The story is also given a gothic feel because Poe gives the reader a chilly feeling about the house. Poe also gives the story a gothic feel when he describes Roderick Usher as having a, ghastly pallor of skin, This is likely to stick fear into the reader; therefore this quote gives the story a particularly gothic feel. The quote also creates a sense of tension because the reader will be anxious and nervous to see what Roderick Usher is actually like. Poe creates a sense of tension and he gives the story a particularly gothic feel when he mentions the family curse, a constitutional and a family evilà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦it displayed itself in a host of unnatural sensationsà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦he could wear only garments of a certain texture; the odours of all flowers were oppressive; his eyes were tortured by even a faint light, The quote mentions evil and therefore there is a gothic feel. Poe also creates a sense of tension the reader will be anxious to carry on reading about this family evil and the readerShow MoreRelated A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)1221 Words à |à 5 PagesAmerican author Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s (1809-1849) macabre and Gothic fictional prose The Fall of the House of Usher (1839) (Poe. 1987: 1). I shall present and argue how the artistic effects deployed in the narrative structure create an atmosphere of tension and suspense, through the exploration of architectural space demonstrated in a close reading and analysis from key passages of the text. The Fall of the House of Usher was written by the American author and poet Edgar Allan Poe, it first featuredRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The House Of Usher1226 Words à |à 5 PagesHaller Mr. Siebers English 1/15/15 The Romantic Poe Romanticism was a literary movement in the late 1800ââ¬â¢s. It embraced idealistic beliefs, interest and respect for nature, and asserted fascination with imagination and intuition. At the forefront of this movement was the superlative author Edgar Allan Poe. Poe created many important romantic works throughout his life. The pennicle of these works was The Fall of the House of Usher. This short story by Poe highlighted his romantic beliefs and demonstratedRead More A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)1760 Words à |à 8 Pagesfrom his own ââ¬Å"â⬠¦house in Strawberry Hill which was the most complete neo-Gothic structure of the time. His mansion, as the author admits, stands at the base ofâ⬠¦architectural designâ⬠¦shapes, decors, landscapes, were all under one form or another, elements of Gothic construction.â⬠(Zamfir. 2011: 18). This critical essay will explore and analyse the nature of Gothic architecture deployed as a vehicle of Gothic construction within the narrative structure of the American author Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s (1809-1849)Read More A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)2193 Words à |à 9 Pagescomposition of his own ââ¬Å"house in Strawberry Hill, which was the most complete neo-Gothic structure of the time. His mansion, as the author admits, stands at the base of architectural designâ⬠¦shapes, decors, landscapes, were all under one form or another, elements of Gothic construction.â⬠(Zamfir. 2011: 18). This critical essay will explore and analyse the nature of Gothic architecture deployed as a vehicle of construction within the narrative structure of the American author Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s (1809-1849)Read MoreNative American Women in The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe1317 Words à |à 5 Pagesand rescue. Correspondingly, Madeline Usher, the entombed sister from Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s gothic ââ¬Å"The Fall of the House of Usherâ⬠is presented as a bawling woman whose identity and voice is unnarratable. Madeline is not only a frightful looking and hysterical woman, but conversely a wailing body from the foundation of the House of Usher whose plight encourages us to deconstruct what else lies beneath the social and cultural foundations on which not merely the house, but the nation itself was built uponRead MoreThe Romantic Period Of Literature1019 Words à |à 5 Pagesyears ago, but examples of Romanticism can still be seen today. The Romantic authors mos t certainly had an impact on many artists to come. Edgar Allan Poe is often a name that comes to mind when discussing Romanticism and especially Dark Romanticism and for good reason. Poe exemplifies Romanticism and many examples can be seen in his work, such as the House of Usher. Some traits of Romanticism include high drama, pathetic fallacy, and shocking climax, which are a few pillars of the Romanticism styleRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher1761 Words à |à 8 Pagesto the appearance of the house. He uses a couple of things to try and make you feel negatively about this place. He used words and phrases such as: ââ¬Å"insufferable gloom,â⬠ââ¬Å"vacant,â⬠ââ¬Å"black and lurid,â⬠and the ââ¬Å"rank sedgesâ⬠were mentioned too. These are obviously there to give a sort of a bad connotation, or bad karma, to the house. He speaks of how the house has a ââ¬Å"wild inconsistencyâ⬠and how each individual stone is starting to decay and fall apart. Su ggesting that the house has many problems, all problemsRead MorePsychological Horror : The Mind As The Monster Of The Story1500 Words à |à 6 Pagesuses their psyche as the antagonist to invoke fear in the character as well as the reader. Psychological horror is a sub-genre of horror in literature. Psychological horror is a unique category because it does not rely on outside forces to create tension and fear; instead terror is derived from the mind. Psychological fear can be created with discomfort by exposing common psychological and emotional vulnerabilities, specifically, the type of fearful thoughts the normal human psyche either repressesRead MoreFeminist Perspective of the Role of Lady Madeline1592 Words à |à 7 Pagesperspective, write an essay about the role of Lady Madeline in the story. ââ¬Å"The Fall of the House of Usher (1939)â⬠, arguably Edgar Allan Poeââ¬â¢s most famous short story, is a tale centered around the mysterious House of Usher and its equally indiscernible inhabitants. These subjects are plagued with physical and mental degradation ââ¬â the Usher siblings suffer from various abnormal ailments and unexplained fears, while the house itself seems to be tethering on the edge of collapse. The gothic elements inRead MoreEssay Biography of Edgar Allan Poe3244 Words à |à 13 PagesBiography of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe is a man who is considered to be a true American genius of our time, and by many, the personification of death. His works have been collected and celebrated for over a hundred years from this day. He was a man whoââ¬â¢s dreary horror tales captured and frightened the minds of millions. Poe differed from most other acclaimed writers though. The readers of his work do not admire him because they fall in love with his characters or because his writing touches
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Nature, Religion And The Most Important Is Being...
uman nature, in general, is being distinguished from animal due to the facts that our consciousness, religion and the most important is having a meaning to stay alive (McMurtry. 2015). There are both good and bad propensities on human nature (Wilson, 2012). To understand human nature, it is not only to find oneââ¬â¢s action and behaviour by looking at their emotions, thoughts and mental state, but with other wider ways like functions and structures (Capuzzi Stauffer, 2016). There are various approaches on human nature. Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, believed human is driven by their unconscious mind to perform various activities (Board, 2014). On the other hand, John B. Watson as a behaviourist aimed at observable behaviour,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There are various theories suggested by Freud including psychic apparatus, topography of mind, psychosexual stage etc. He explained that there were both conscious and unconscious level in human mind, whereas preco nscious level occupied part of the unconscious level (Wright, 2013; Cervone Pervin, 2015). The structural model of personality was composed of the id, the ego and the superego, and these elements performed together to display complex human behaviours (Capuzzi Stauffer, 2016). Id, the critical, was always in the level of unconscious which responded immediately to oneââ¬â¢s instinct, it also acted as a pleasure principle to strive needs and fundamental instinct without much concern (Elliott, 2015). Eros and Thanatos, which is libido and death instinct respectively were the sub-level of the id. Libido was priority to sustain human life, on the other hand, Thanatos was the opposite condition of libido which drove human to extinction (Elliot, 2015). Ego was based on reality principle and functioned all conscious, preconscious and unconscious level. It managed the balance the effect of id and superego by creating inner conflict (Capuzzi Stauffer, 2016; Schultz Schultz, 2016). While superego was the element for judging and consider thoughtfully prior to their motivation (Wright, 2013). Conscience and ego ideal were parts of the superego distinguishing good and bad
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Second Language Research Methodology and Design
Question: Discuss about the Second Language Research for Methodology and Design. Answer: Introduction There is rapid growth in E-marketing services .It is used by large number of population for buying good. The advantage of e-marketing is that the costumer can take out the action from his home, office or anywhere. Consumer can purchase anything and E-marketing organizations are able to drop the goods at consumer door step by using internet. Every thing has both positive and negative parts. It has too dark side. The main dark side of credit cards is privacy and security on using time. Through online activity there is risk that the person using credit card is actual holder or not. So there should be risk through online. The main focus of this research would be alertness of the customer towards the usage of e-marketing while using the credit card. Some additional steps which would take to deter the user to prevent credit card frauds. Literature review E-commerce indicates to the transmission of funds through electronic system. The main aim of transfer of funds can be for trading of products. With the usage of electronic networks E- commerce was originated in the 70s. The first profitable usage of e-Commerce was the transmission of funds without cash with the help of telecommunications network. Now a days use of ATMs is an example of E-commerce. This use of electronic medium between banks leading to the use in regular business documents. Through the rise of internet all these go on. As the internet widen so did the alteration in the use of funds for purposes other than banking business. All this rise e-Marketing, in which exchange in products, goods or services to take place (Grant et al., 2014). APCA (The Australian Payment Clearing Association) is the payment clearings regulatory body of Australia. From 2006 it regularly discloses the data on different frauds conducted when using cheques and cards. The APCA collects the data from different associations which are related to finance and circulate everywhere. There were an estimated 38 million debit card accounts and 15.5 million credit card accounts on issue in Australia as of December 2013 . There are different types of frauds that are happen on cards which are Stolen cards, Counterfeiting and fraud transactions that are done by fraudulent user for example they do online shopping. Sofo Sofo (2013).studied that there is disaster change in the global banking system by using mobile technology. According to Gupta the internet technology has greatly affected on people while purchasing the products. According to him the mobile sector will help banks them to cut down the cost of financial transactions. Zone Packet (2015) studied the expansion of crime being, done in Australia. According to them the challenge to prevent credit card is to reduce the risks of such frauds so that the loss can be reduced. According to them, the level of credit card fraud being increased the crime rate. There is a huge gap to understand how credit card crime rate is taking place. They suggest methods to constrict the destiny, by limited use of cards to the internet, having different PIN for different cards (Wojciechowska-Filipek Ciekanowski, 2017). A study was conducted in Victoria, Australia amongst the costumers, retailers and stakeholders. The study found that there is a lack of understanding. They felt that there should be need for proper publication of information regarding credit card frauds. The government and law enforcement should be more attentive with the information to what they are doing to prevent these crimes. There was essential to look after the e-retailers activities. The surveyors felt that consumer associations should arrange a platform for grievance redressal, to educate and monitor retailers, consumers and stakeholders (Sharma Lijuan, 2014). A study conducted In Australia, in 2007 amongst undergraduate students of Melbourne, to know the risk of credit card use and it possess in the E-market. The study wanted to expand the alertness and thus the knowledge level of the students towards credit card use and fraud. It also found that how the students dealt with such online frauds based on survey. The highest rate of fraud that the student faced was due to spam (El Namaki, 2014). A study found that for the acceptance of the e-Commerce business there should be organizational e-Readiness, vitality of the brand of the product, merits of using the e-Commerce institution, the purchasing power of the consumer. Some of the demerits of not using e-Commerce if the lack of feasibility of product trial, dislike to use credit card, presence of bad quality websites and lack of trust due to security and privacy conditions (Fowler, 2015). In Australia a study conducted in 2013 found that Cash was one of favorite modes of payment. Elderly people mostly prefer cash as a mode of payment. In last three years it shows that there has been increased in use of card as compare to that of cash. In 2013 mostly people preferred card rather than cash (Feng Qin, 2016). A study was organized in Australia depicts that there is a relationship between credit card frauds and online marketing. The study was able to show that with expansion in the level of awareness of the credit card user there is a reduction in the fraud (Prieger Heil, 2016). Research aim The aim of the research is to propose a comprehensive outline of the hazards involved in e-Marketing using Credit Card. The research question for this assignment is as follows: How to safely shop online while using your credit card Are you know about the risk while using of credit cards for e-commerce What steps do you follow to avoid the risks while using credit card The objective of the research is as follows: Knowledge regarding the alertness of the e-commerce customer towards its general risks Identifying how customer deal with the e-commerce facts Awareness in the user regarding e-commerce extortion by using credit card. Research methodology To be able to find the main aim of the research both a qualitative and quantitative techniques will be used. The qualitative analysis typically requires a small size of the sample. The basic concept of qualitative research is that mostly it depends upon the knowledge and examines the interviewer. This quantitative research will be used to evaluate the sampling (Zikmund 2013). The researcher will use the philosophy of positivism, deductive research approach and descriptive research design in order to progress ahead with the research. This is because the philosophy will help the researcher to arrive at the outcome of the study based on scientifically proven tools and techniques. The researcher will not choose the inductive research approach, as no new theory or model after reaching the inference of the research. Therefore, deductive approach will be deemed fit for the study. The descriptive research design will be chosen in this study, as this specific design will help the researcher to identify the reasons and issues behind the research. Data Collection and Analysis The essential data will be collected in the form of a survey questionnaire. The spotlight of the survey would be to anticipate how usually consumers use e-Commerce to buy goods through online. The survey would also reflect the numbers of goods that consumers mostly purchase through online (Mackey Gass, 2015). This would help us to give knowledge about the different methods of payment that customer preferred for online purchasing of goods (Flick, 2015). Thus we will be able to learn whether the buyer is familiar of the risks involved by using of credit cards. The above would be used to identify the different cautions being taken by the user to deter such risky factors. Analysis tools will be used for analysis and exploratory data. This will be used to making assumption about the distribution of the data (Panneerselvam, 2014). Non-parametric studies will be used to verify sum of the ranks and comparison between two. Proposed timeframe of the research The latest study is based on using credit cards by the user in e-marketing will illustrate the alertness regarding the use of credit card. It will also emphasize his awareness towards the risky factors that are involved in the use of credit cards. Thus it will give and insight into the preventive steps taken by the consumer towards the risks. Conclusion The main advantage of e-marketing is that the consumer can place an order of any items from anywhere he wants to purchase goods by clicking of the mouse while sitting in home, office.. E-marketing system is providing door to door steps facilities items. The success of the e-marketing sector has been achievable through internet system. But this growth in the e-marketing is not without its negative points. The shareholders in the e-commerce industry are familiar with such frauds and are performing good job to save the interest of the costumer and user is also to be aware of the risky factors of e-marketing with credit cards and thus should take preventive steps to protect him. References: El Namaki, M. S. S. (2014).Strategic thinking for turbulent times. Springer. 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Ethical perspectives on e-commerce: an empirical investigation.Internet Research,24(4), 414-435. Sofo, M., Sofo, F. (2013). E-marketing as an antecedent to online fraud. InE-Marketing in Developed and Developing Countries: Emerging Practices(pp. 194-213). IGI Global. Wojciechowska-Filipek, S., Ciekanowski, Z. (2017). Identification of Risks Related to the Operations in the Internet. InRisk Management in Public Administration(pp. 227-256). Springer International Publishing. Zone, E., Packet, A. (2015). Industrial.Urbana,51, 61801.
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